The idea of waste, something that gets discarded, is fundamentally incompatible with an holistic and optimized natural system. Everything transitions between states and between different life-forms but nothing is "waste".
Principals for transitioning to a wasteless culture:
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Reduce resource extraction, production and consumption of new products.
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Redesign products and methods of production to eliminate waste by designing for longevity, modularity, and indefinite closed-loop reuse.
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Avoid all single-use materials such as packaging and convenience products.
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Convert "waste" to resources for the benefits of local production and the creation of a sustainable society.
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Clean, sort, and store any not-yet-recyclable "waste" to enable future re-manufacturing .
Not trashing things at the household level is the first step, but even without personally putting anything in the garbage more then 80% of wastage happens before a product gets purchased, so to go beyond landfill culture one must go beyond participation in the industrial product market.